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Q.1. What was Gramma, whose death occurred at the age of 141 years at the San Diego Zoo?
ग्रैमाक्याथी, जिसका 141 वर्षकीउम्रमेंसैनडिएगोचिड़ियाघरमेंनिधनहुआ?
(a) A giant African elephant
(b) A rare species of parrot
(c) A Bengal tiger
(d) A marine dolphin rescued in childhood
(e) A Galápagos tortoise
Answer & Explanation
Ans.1.(e)
Exp. Oldest San Diego Zoo Resident, 141-Year-Old Galápagos Tortoise Gramma, Passes Away
Gramma, the oldest resident of the San Diego Zoo, has passed away at an estimated age of 141 years, having been born in her native Galápagos habitat.
Galápagos tortoises are known for their exceptional longevity, often living 100+ years in the wild and nearly double in captivity, thanks to better care and protection.
The oldest recorded Galápagos tortoise, Harriet, lived to 175 years at the Australia Zoo, having been collected from the islands in 1835 and passing away in 2006.
Q.2. Which organisation is organising the two-day ‘Shatabdi Sammelan’ on 26–27 November 2025 as part of its centenary year celebrations, aimed at reflecting on the role of public service commissions in nation-building and discussing reforms, inclusivity, and technological transformation in recruitment?
Exp. UPSC Hosts Two-Day ‘Shatabdi Sammelan’ as Part of Centenary Celebrations
The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is organizing a two-day ‘Shatabdi Sammelan’ on 26–27 November 2025 at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, as part of its centenary year celebrations.
The event will be graced by Shri Om Birla, Speaker of the Lok Sabha, as Chief Guest, along with Dr. Jitendra Singh, and will feature a Conference ‘Chintan’ on Constitution Day (26 November) to honor the constitutional legacy of public service commissions.
The Sammelan aims to reflect on the role of UPSC and State PSCs in nation-building, fostering discussions on reforms, inclusivity, and technological transformation in public recruitment.
Q.3. Where is the 19th edition of the joint India-Nepal military exercise, Exercise Suryakiran XIX-2025, being conducted, which aims to enhance battalion-level synergy, counter-terrorism operations, and humanitarian assistance training in mountainous terrain?
भारत–नेपालकेजॉइंटमिलिट्रीएक्सरसाइज़, एक्सरसाइज़सूर्यकिरण XIX-2025 का 19वांएडिशनकहाँहोरहाहै, जिसकामकसदपहाड़ीइलाकोंमेंबटालियन–लेवलकीसिनर्जी, काउंटर–टेररिज्मऑपरेशनऔरह्यूमैनिटेरियनअसिस्टेंसट्रेनिंगकोबढ़ानाहै?
(a) Leh, Ladakh
(b) Gangtok, Sikkim
(c) Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
(d) Dehradun, Uttarakhand
(e) Kathmandu, Nepal
Answer & Explanation
Ans.3.(c)
Exp. 19th Edition of Exercise Suryakiran XIX-2025 Begins in Uttarakhand
The 19th edition of Exercise Suryakiran (XIX) 2025 commenced in Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand, involving 334 personnel each from India (Assam Regiment) and Nepal (Devi Datta Regiment).
The exercise focuses on sub-conventional operations under UN Chapter VII, including jungle warfare, counter-terrorism in mountainous terrain, HADR, medical response, environmental conservation, and integrated ground-aviation operations.
This edition emphasizes emerging technologies like drones, AI-enabled decision tools, unmanned logistic vehicles, and armoured platforms, aiming to enhance interoperability, refine tactics, and strengthen India-Nepal defence cooperation.
Recent Exercise
11th Edition of Joint Military Exercise ‘MITRA SHAKTI-2025’ between India and Sri Lanka – Belagavi, Karnataka
5th Edition of Maritime Exercise ‘Samudra Shakti 2025’ between India and Indonesia – Visakhapatnam
4th Edition of Exercise AUSTRAHIND 2025 between India & Australia – Perth, Australia
Exercise KONKAN-2025 between Indian Navy and Royal Navy – Arabian Sea off the western coast of India
Exercise ZAPAD 2025 between Russia & India – Mulino Training Ground, Nizhniy, Russia
Q.4. In November 2025, which regulator approved ICICI Prudential AMC’s proposal to acquire certain business units of ICICI Venture Fund?
नवंबर 2025 में, किसरेगुलेटरने ICICI प्रूडेंशियल AMC के ICICI वेंचरफंडकीकुछबिज़नेसयूनिट्सकोखरीदनेकेप्रपोज़लकोमंज़ूरीदी?
(a) RBI
(b) SEBI
(c) IRDAI
(d) CCI
(e) NCLT
Answer & Explanation
Ans.4.(d)
Exp. CCI Approves ICICI Prudential AMC’s Acquisition of Key ICICI Venture Fund Businesses
CCI has approved ICICI Prudential AMC’s proposal to acquire key business units of ICICI Venture Fund, including management of five SEBI-registered AIFs and the advisory business for an offshore investment fund.
ICICI Prudential AMC, a joint venture between ICICI Bank and Prudential Corporation Holdings (UK), is engaged in mutual fund management, PMS, AIF management, and offshore advisory services.
CCI also cleared two other major deals: Toyota Asset Preparatory Co. acquiring Toyota Industries Corporation, and Jindal Jhajjar Power Ltd acquiring 100% of Jhajjar Power Ltd, strengthening consolidation in the power and manufacturing sectors.
Q.5. National Milk Day is celebrated every year on 26 November in India to honour Dr Verghese Kurien, the Father of the White Revolution. What was the theme for National Milk Day 2025?
National Milk Day is celebrated every year on 26 November in India to honor Dr. Verghese Kurien, the Father of the White Revolution.
The day commemorates Dr. Kurien’s birth anniversary, recognizing his role in making India the world’s largest milk producer.
Theme 2025 – Let’s Celebrate the Power of Dairy
It highlights the success of Operation Flood, the world’s largest dairy development program, which transformed India into a self-sufficient milk nation.
Q.6. 26 November is celebrated as Constitution Day (Samvidhan Divas) to commemorate the day when the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution in ________.
26 November is celebrated as Constitution Day (Samvidhan Divas) to commemorate the day when the Constituent Assembly of India adopted the Constitution in 1949.
The Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, but 26 November was chosen to honour Dr. B.R. Ambedkar and the drafting committee’s historic contribution.
The day promotes constitutional values, citizen duties, and awareness about rights, justice, equality, and liberty enshrined in the Constitution.
Government institutions, schools, and organizations observe the day through Preamble reading, seminars, quizzes, and awareness activities across the country.
Q.7. At the 76th annual National Book Awards held at Cipriani Wall Street, Manhattan, which novel, blending family comedy with wartime tragedy, won the 2025 National Book Award for Fiction?
(a) One Day, Everyone Will Have Always Been Against This
(b) The Teacher of Nomad Land
(c) The True True Story of Raja the Gullible
(d) We Are Green and Trembling
(e) The Intentions of Thunder
Answer & Explanation
Ans.7.(c)
Exp. Rabih Alameddine Wins 2025 National Book Award for Fiction at 76th Annual Ceremony
Rabih Alameddine’s novel, “The True True Story of Raja the Gullible (and His Mother),” won the 2025 National Book Award for Fiction, blending family comedy with wartime tragedy.
Other winners included Omar El Akkad for nonfiction, Patricia Smith for poetry, Daniel Nayeri for young people’s literature, and Gabriela Cabezón Cámara for translated literature, highlighting a diverse range of literary achievements.
The 76th National Book Awards ceremony was held at Cipriani Wall Street, Manhattan, attended by hundreds of writers, publishers, editors, and industry professionals, featuring honorary awards for George Saunders and Roxane Gay.
The event, often called the “Oscars of book publishing,” included musical performances and a humorous hosting by Jeff Heller, celebrating literary excellence and the contributions of the broader book community.
Q.8. Oman recently achieved a national milestone by launching its first communications satellite, which is designed to strengthen the country’s digital independence, expand high-speed secure connectivity, and support Oman Vision 2040’s goal of building a technology-driven economy. What is the name of this satellite?
Exp. Oman Launches OmanSat-1, Its First Communications Satellite, Boosting Digital Independence
Oman launched OmanSat-1, its first communications satellite, marking a national milestone that strengthens digital independence, high-speed secure connectivity, and aligns with Oman Vision 2040 to build a technology-driven economy.
The satellite, developed in collaboration with Airbus Defence and Space, operates on the adaptable OneSat platform in the Ka-band, covering Oman, its economic waters, and neighbouring regions in the Middle East, East Africa, and Asia, enhancing regional communication capabilities.
The programme, managed by Space Communications Technologies, focuses on digital sovereignty and local expertise, improving internet coverage in remote areas, integrating local SMEs into the supply chain, and collaborating with universities for research and specialised training.
About Oman
Capital- Muscat
Currency- Omani Rial
Official language- Arabic
Q.9. From which year will Malaysia implement the ban on social media use for children under 16?
मलेशिया किस साल से 16 साल से कम उम्र के बच्चों के लिए सोशल मीडिया के इस्तेमाल पर बैन लागू करेगा?
(a) 2024
(b) 2025
(c) 2026
(d) 2027
(e) 2028
Answer & Explanation
Ans.9.(c)
Exp. Malaysia to Ban Social Media Use for Children Under 16 Starting 2026
Malaysia will ban social media use for anyone under the age of 16 starting in 2026, aiming to protect children from online harms such as cyberbullying, financial scams, and child sexual abuse.
Communications Minister Fahmi Fadzil confirmed the policy and expects technology firms to comply, while the government is reviewing age restriction methods used in countries like Australia.
The move aligns Malaysia with global trends on child online safety, following actions by Australia and several European nations, amid rising concerns over social media’s impact on youth mental health and harmful content.
About Malaysia
Capital – Kuala Lumpur
Currency – Ringgit
Prime Minister – Anwar Ibrahim
Q.10. Which two entities recently signed a strategic partnership agreement aimed at promoting cross-border startup expansion, enabling Indian startups to access the UAE market and benefit from mentorship, market-entry support, and Abu Dhabi’s technology ecosystem?
Exp. Hub71 and UAE–India CEPA Council Sign Pact to Boost Cross-Border Startup Expansion
Hub71 and the UAE–India CEPA Council have signed a strategic partnership to boost cross‑border startup expansion between India and Abu Dhabi, creating a structured pathway for Indian startups to enter, validate and scale up in the UAE.
Under the deal, five winning startups from the CEPA Council’s Start‑Up Series will be onboarded into Hub71’s Immersion Programme, giving them tailored market‑entry support, mentorship, and access to Abu Dhabi’s tech ecosystem.
From those five, one startup will further be selected for Hub71’s “Access” programme, enabling a soft‑landing in Abu Dhabi with deeper support — regulatory facilitation, investor connections and long‑term growth opportunities.
Q.11. Justice Vikram Nath has been appointed as the new Executive Chairman of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA), strengthening India’s efforts to provide accessible and affordable justice to vulnerable and economically weaker sections. NALSA was established under which legislation?
Exp. Justice Vikram Nath Appointed Executive Chairman of National Legal Services Authority (NALSA)
Justice Vikram Nath has been appointed as the new Executive Chairman of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA), strengthening India’s efforts to provide accessible and affordable justice to vulnerable and economically weaker sections.
He succeeds CJI Surya Kant in this administrative role.
NALSA, created under the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, plays a crucial role in offering free legal aid, conducting Lok Adalats, and promoting legal literacy, ensuring justice is not limited by financial constraints.
With the Chief Justice of India as its Patron-in-Chief, NALSA operates through a wide network of state, district, and local bodies, and Justice Vikram Nath’s leadership is expected to further streamline operations to enhance nationwide legal outreach.
Q.12. Who has been appointed as the new Deputy Chairman of the Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority (JNPA)?
Exp. Ravish Kumar Singh Appointed Deputy Chairman of Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority (JNPA)
The Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways has appointed Ravish Kumar Singh, a 2009-batch IRTS officer, as the Deputy Chairman of Jawaharlal Nehru Port Authority (JNPA) for a five-year term, with his joining date scheduled on or after December 6.
His appointment comes during a leadership transition at JNPA, where IAS officer Gaurav Dayal recently became Chairman, filling the gap left after former Chairman Sanjay Sethi completed his tenure in January 2024.
The leadership change aligns with JNPA’s major responsibility of developing the ₹76,220-crore Vadhvan mega greenfield port in Maharashtra, which includes constructing India’s longest-ever port breakwater (10.14 km), crucial for safeguarding the upcoming port’s harbour.
Q.13. Who has been appointed as the new Chairman of the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)?
Exp. Sunil Paliwal Appointed New Chairman of Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI)
Sunil Paliwal, currently Chairperson of Chennai Port Authority and Kamarajar Port Ltd, has been appointed as the new Chairman of the Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI), with his post upgraded to the rank of Secretary to the Government of India.
He takes over from Vijay Kumar, who was recently promoted as Shipping Secretary after the retirement of T.K. Ramachandran.
A seasoned IAS officer, Paliwal has held key roles in Tamil Nadu, including MD of Chennai Metro Water, Tamil Nadu Road Development Company, and TIDCO—experience that is expected to boost IWAI’s efforts to modernise India’s inland water transport network.
Recent Appointments
MD & CEO of Power Exchange India Ltd (PIXIL) – Vivek Singla
CMD of GAIL India – Deepak Gupta (replace Sandeep Kumar Gupta) pending
DG of Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) – Sanjay Garg
Full-time Member Secretary of the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) in NCR – Tarun Kumar Pithode
Chairperson of the WIPO Advisory Board of Judges for the 2025–2027 – Delhi HC Justice Prathiba M. Singh
President of FICCI for 2025-26 – Anant Goenka (replace Harsha Vardhan Agarwal)
Q.14. During the historic ceremony marking the formal completion of the Ayodhya Ram Temple, Prime Minister Narendra Modi performed the Dhwajarohan ritual. Which specific flag did he ceremonially hoist atop the shrine, symbolising the legacy of the Suryavanshi lineage and the fulfilment of a 500-year-old resolution?
Exp. PM Modi Hoists Saffron Flag Marking Completion of Ayodhya Ram Temple
PM Narendra Modi hoisted the saffron Suryavanshi flag atop the Ayodhya Ram Temple, marking the formal completion of the temple’s construction and symbolising the fulfilment of a 500-year-old resolve.
RSS chief Mohan Bhagwat said that those who sacrificed their lives for the Ram Temple must be at peace today, mentioning leaders like Ashok Singhal ji and Mahant Ramchandra Das ji, whose long-standing efforts finally saw completion.
The Ram Temple’s journey—from the Supreme Court’s 2019 verdict to foundation laying in August 2020 and Pran Pratishtha in January 2024—culminated in the final flag-hoisting ceremony, with all major works inside the complex now completed.
Q.15. Who has been appointed as the tournament ambassador for the ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2026?
Exp. Rohit Sharma Appointed Ambassador for ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2026
Rohit Sharma has been appointed the Tournament Ambassador for the ICC Men’s T20 World Cup 2026, which will be co-hosted by India and Sri Lanka.
A two-time T20 World Cup winner (2007 & 2024), Rohit played a pivotal role in both campaigns, including unbeaten knocks in the 2007 Super Eights & final, and leading India to the 2024 title as captain.
Rohit’s stellar T20I career includes 4231 runs with a strike-rate of 140.89, and standout performances such as 92 off 41 vs Australia and 57 off 39 vs England in the 2024 edition.
Recent Brand Ambassador
Shafali Verma – Haryana Women’s Commission
Rahul Dravid – Paradeep Phosphates Limited (PPL)
Virat Kohli and Anushka Sharma – Fintech firm Pay10
Sanju Samson – English Premier League (EPL) in India