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Daily Current Affairs 31st December 2025 Daily GK Update
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National News
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) completing 25 years in 2025
- Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY), launched on 25 December 2000, completed 25 years in 2025, emerging as one of India’s most impactful schemes for all-weather rural road connectivity and inclusive development.
- Since its inception, 8.25 lakh km of rural roads have been sanctioned, of which about 7.88 lakh km (≈95%) have been completed as of December 2025, significantly integrating rural areas with markets and services.
- The scheme is implemented by the Ministry of Rural Development in coordination with State Governments and Union Territories.
- PMGSY is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme with funding 60:40 for general states, 90:10 for North-Eastern states, Himalayan states, J and K and UTs with legislatures and 100% central funding for UTs without legislatures
- The scheme evolved through multiple phases—PMGSY-I (universal access), PMGSY-II (road upgradation), RCPLWEA (LWE areas), PMGSY-III (strategic rural links), and PMGSY-IV (2024-29) targeting last-mile connectivity.
- PMGSY-IV aims to connect 25,000 unconnected habitations with 62,500 km of roads, with a total outlay of ₹70,125 crore, focusing on tribal areas, aspirational districts, and remote regions.
- Technology-driven governance through platforms like OMMAS, e-MARG, and GPS-enabled monitoring has strengthened transparency, quality assurance, and lifecycle maintenance of rural roads.
- PMGSY has delivered strong socio-economic impacts, including improved market access for farmers, better healthcare and education reach, increased rural employment, and enhanced regional equity and national integration.
Ministry of Civil Aviation Grants NOCs to Three New Airlines
- The Ministry of Civil Aviation has granted No Objection Certificates (NOCs) to three new airlines—Shankh Air, Al Hind Air, and FlyExpress to enter the Indian aviation market.
- These approvals mark a significant move to boost competition and diversify India’s domestic airline sector, which has long been dominated by a few major carriers.
- Shankh Air has already received its NOC and is preparing to commence commercial operations in early 2026, with plans to connect regional and underserved routes.
- Al Hind Air and FlyExpress recently secured their NOCs and are also targeting operational launches in 2026, aiming to enhance connectivity and offer more choices to flyers.
About Ministry of Civil Aviation
- Union Minister- Kinjarapu Rammohan Naidu
- Constituency- Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh
- Minister of State- Murlidhar Kisan Mohol
- Constituency- Pune, Maharashtra
Param Rudra Supercomputer Launched at IIT-Patna
- IIT-Patna inaugurated the PARAM Rudra supercomputer, marking Bihar’s first high-performance computing facility installed under the National Supercomputing Mission (NSM).
- The launch ceremony was presided over by Amitesh Kumar Sinha, Additional Secretary, Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), highlighting the government’s push for advanced research infrastructure.
- PARAM Rudra is an indigenously developed supercomputer, operating at high computational capacity and designed to support cutting-edge research across disciplines including AI, data science, quantum computing, material design, and fluid mechanics.
- Under the National Supercomputing Mission, 37 supercomputers have already been deployed across India with a combined capacity of 39 petaFLOPS, supporting over 12,000 researchers.
- The government plans to add 10 more supercomputers, which will raise India’s total computing capacity to over 100 petaFLOPS in the next phase.
PDUNASS and IC Centre for Governance Partner to Embed Ethical Leadership in EPFO Administration
- The Pandit Deendayal Upadhyaya National Academy of Social Security (PDUNASS), the apex training institute of EPFO, signed an MoU with the IC Centre for Governance (ICCfG) in New Delhi to embed ethical leadership in social security administration.
- The partnership aims to integrate moral integrity, ethical leadership, and technical expertise among EPFO officers amid ongoing digital and Ease of Living reforms.
- The collaboration supports Mission Karmayogi, shifting from rule-based compliance to role-based ethical competence, with emphasis on transparency, accountability, and empathy.
- A tiered annual training framework has been introduced, including residential leadership programs for Group ‘A’ officers at ICCfG and citizen-centric conduct training for Group ‘B’ officers at PDUNASS.
International News
Hurun India Rich List 2025: Jayshree Ullal Emerges as Wealthiest Indian-Origin Tech Executive
- Indian-origin billionaire Jayshree Ullal, CEO and President of Arista Networks, topped the list of wealthiest tech executives of Indian origin, surpassing Sundar Pichai and Satya Nadella.
- A British-born Indian-origin leader, Ullal has been heading Arista Networks since 2008; earlier, she worked with Cisco Systems, AMD, and Fairchild Semiconductor, and is based in Santa Clara, California.
- She studied at Convent of Jesus & Mary, New Delhi, earned engineering degrees from San Francisco State University and Santa Clara University, and received an Honorary Doctorate in Engineering in 2025.
- With a net worth of $5.7 billion, Ullal ranks 713th globally; Arista Networks reported $7 billion revenue in 2024, with her wealth rising steadily amid the AI and software boom.
Banking & Financial News
IRDAI Imposes ₹1 Crore Penalty on Reliance General Insurance for Regulatory Violations
- The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) has imposed a ₹1 crore penalty on Reliance General Insurance Company for violations related to outsourcing norms, commission payments, and corporate governance guidelines.
- One major violation involved engaging an individual agent of another insurer for advertising and publishing services, which breached regulatory norms governing insurer–agent relationships.
About Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI)
- Established- In the year 1999 under the IRDA Act, 1999
- Headquarters- Hyderabad, Telangana
- Type- Statutory body under the Ministry of Finance, Government of India
- Chairman – Ajay Seth
Aryaman Finance (India) Ltd Gets RBI Nod to Operate as Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC)
- Aryaman Finance (India) Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Aryaman Financial Services Ltd (AFSL), has received a Certificate of Registration (CoR) from the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to commence operations as a Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC).
- AFSL is a Mumbai-based SEBI-registered Category-I merchant banker, engaged in activities such as lead management, syndication of IPOs/FPOs/Rights Issues/QIPs, PIPE deals, VC funding, and other fund-raising activities.
- The CoR allows the WOS to operate as a Type II NBFC (Non-Deposit taking – Investment and Credit Company), enabling it to provide credit and investment services without accepting public deposits.
Appointments
Government Appoints Three Senior Advocates as Additional Solicitors General for Supreme Court
- The Central Government has appointed three Senior Advocates as Additional Solicitors General (ASGs) to represent the Union of India before the Supreme Court of India.
- The appointees are Devinder Pal Singh, Kanakamedala Ravindra Kumar, and Anil Kaushik, all seasoned legal professionals with extensive litigation experience.
- The appointments were approved by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet, and are typically for a three-year tenure or until further notice.
- Kanakamedala Ravindra Kumar notably brings both parliamentary experience as a former Rajya Sabha member (2018–2024) and legal expertise to his role as ASG
Sports
Ayush Mhatre Named India U19 Captain for ICC Men’s World Cup 2026
- Ayush Mhatre has been named captain of India’s squad for the ICC Men’s Under-19 World Cup 2026, scheduled in Zimbabwe and Namibia from January 15 to February 6.
- Mhatre and vice-captain Vihaan Malhotra will miss the pre-tournament South Africa tour (Jan 3–7) due to wrist injuries, with Vaibhav Sooryavanshi leading the side in their absence.
- The India U19 World Cup squad features five-time champions India in Group A alongside New Zealand, USA, and Bangladesh, with the team opening against the USA on January 15 at Queens Sports Club, Bulawayo.
Surya Charishma Tamiri Clinches Women’s Singles Title at 87th Senior National Badminton Championships
- Surya Charishma Tamiri won the Women’s Singles title at the 87th Senior National Badminton Championships in Vijayawada, staging a comeback to defeat Tanvi Patri 17-21, 21-12, 21-14.
- Rithvik Sanjeevi S clinched the Men’s Singles title defeating Bharat Raghav 21-16, 22-20, while A. Hariharan and Ruban Kumar won the Men’s Doubles 24-22, 21-17.
- Former champions Shikha Gautam and Ashwini Bhat K reclaimed the Women’s Doubles title, and Sathwik Reddy K and Radhika Sharma won the Mixed Doubles championship with a 21-9, 21-15 victory.
Magnus Carlsen and Aleksandra Goryachkina Clinch World Rapid Chess Championship
- Magnus Carlsen and Aleksandra Goryachkina won the World Rapid Chess Championship, with Carlsen taking the open section and Goryachkina triumphing in the women’s section after tie-breaks.
- India’s Arjun Erigaisi and Koneru Humpy won bronze in the open and women’s sections, respectively, while other Indian players like B. Savitha Shri (4th), R. Vaishali (5th), and Divya Deshmukh (8th) also performed strongly.
- In the open event, Carlsen scored 10.5 points, Vladislav Artemiev was second, and Arjun Erigaisi scored 9.5 points for third place, while other Indian players like Aravindh Chithambaram (16th), Nihal Sarin (19th), and R. Praggnanandhaa (28th) also participated.
Bhutan’s Sonam Yeshey Creates History with Record 8-Wicket Haul in Men’s T20 International
- Bhutan spinner Sonam Yeshey created history by becoming the first bowler to take an eight-wicket haul in a men’s T20 International, setting a new world record.
- The 22-year-old left-arm spinner achieved the feat during the third T20I against Myanmar at Gelephu Mindfulness City, Bhutan, on December 26.
- Sonam Yeshey returned sensational figures of 8 wickets for just 7 runs, bowling Myanmar out for 45 while defending Bhutan’s total of 127/9.
- Earlier, the best bowling figures in T20Is were 7/8 by Malaysia’s Syazrul Idrus (2023), while only a few bowlers, including Ali Dawood, Colin Ackermann and Taskin Ahmed, have taken seven wickets in T20 matches.
Obituary
French Cinema Icon Brigitte Bardot Dies at 91
- French actress Brigitte Bardot, aged 91, has passed away, remembered as a cinema icon who revolutionised 1950s French cinema and became a symbol of sexual liberation.
- Bardot acted in nearly 50 films, including the famous “And God Created Woman”, before retiring in 1973 to focus on animal welfare through the Brigitte Bardot Foundation.
- While widely celebrated, her later life was marked by controversy, including homophobic slurs and fines for inciting racial hatred, though French leaders like Emmanuel Macron and Marine Le Pen paid tribute to her talent, courage, and cultural impact.
Bangladesh’s First Female Prime Minister Khaleda Zia Passes Away at 80
- Khaleda Zia, Bangladesh’s first female Prime Minister and a key figure in the country’s politics, passed away at the age of 80 after a prolonged illness, as confirmed by the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).
- She served as Prime Minister twice—first after winning the 1991 election and again during 2001–2006, with long-standing political rivalry against Sheikh Hasina shaping Bangladesh’s political landscape.
- Her death comes ahead of the February parliamentary elections, where the BNP is seen as the frontrunner; her son and party’s acting chairman Tarique Rahman recently returned from 17 years in self-exile and is considered a strong prime ministerial contender.
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