JAIIB PPB Paper-2 Module-C Unit 1: Essentials of Bank Computerisation

31/03/2023

JAIIB Paper 2 (PPB) Module C Unit 1: Essentials of Bank Computerization (New Syllabus)

The IIBF has recently announced updates to the JAIIB Exam 2023, including changes to the syllabus and exam format. Candidates will now be required to complete four papers, with Paper 2 (Principles & Practices of Banking) covering Unit 1: Essentials of Bank Computerisation. This unit is particularly crucial for candidates, as it will significantly impact their performance in the exam.

To assist candidates in understanding the topic, we will provide all the necessary details related to Unit 1: Essentials of Bank Computerisation of JAIIB Paper 2 (PPB) Module C: Banking Technology. We strongly recommend that candidates refer to this article and utilize our Online Mock Test Series to enhance their understanding of Foreign Currency Accounts for Residents and other related aspects.

Candidates must comprehend each unit in the syllabus, including the Marketing unit, to excel in the JAIIB Certification Examination 2023 and establish a successful career in the banking sector. This unit is of great importance in the banking industry, and candidates must prepare thoroughly.

Bank Computerisation

The Concept of Bank Computerisation Practically stated after 1980-81 and more precisely gained pace in the year 1983-84, after setting up a committee in the year 1983 under the chairmanship of the then Deputy Governor of RBI, Dr. C. Rangarajan. This Committee was set up to study the possibilities and stages involved in bank computerisation and to prepare guidelines for the same. The report submitted by the committee in the year 1984 was know as First Rangarajan Committee Report on bank mechanization.

Another Committee was constituted in 1988 was know as first Rangarajan Committee Report on bank mechanization.

Need for Computerisation

The four Major objectives of computerization in banking are to improve

Customer Service
Housekeeping
Decision- making
Productivity and profitability

Stand- Alone Computer System

Using the stand- Alone computer system is normally the initial stage of computerization at a bank. The single user- computer system is a small system, which as its name implies, is used by only one person at a time.

Multi- user System

The Multi-user systems, as their names signify, are computers to which several people can access at the same time. Mini computers, Main Frame Computers, Micro- Computers and the more powerful Super Computers all fall under this category.

Networking Technologies In Banks

LAN (Local Area Network)

A Local Area Network (LAN) is a group of computer and peripheral devices which are connected in a limited area such as school, laboratory, home, and office building. It is a widely useful network for sharing resources like files, printers, games, and other application.
The simplest type of LAN network is to connect computers and a printer in someone’s home or office. In general, LAN will be used as one type of transmission medium.
It is a network which consists of less than 5000 interconnected devices across several buildings.

Characteristics of LAN

Here are important characteristics of a LAN network:

It is a private network, so an outside regulatory body never controls it.
LAN operates at a relatively higher speed compared to other WAN systems.
There are various kinds of media access control methods like token ring and ethernet.

Advantages of LAN

Here are pros/benefits of using LAN:

Computer resources like hard-disks, DVD-ROM, and printers can share local area networks. This significantly reduces the cost of hardware purchases.
You can use the same software over the network instead of purchasing the licensed software for each client in the network.
Data of all network users can be stored on a single hard disk of the server computer.
You can easily transfer data and messages over networked computers.
It will be easy to manage data at only one place, which makes data more secure.
Local Area Network offers the facility to share a single internet connection among all the LAN users.

Disadvantages of LAN

Here are the important cons/ drawbacks of LAN:

LAN will indeed save cost because of shared computer resources, but the initial cost of installing Local Area Networks is quite high.
The LAN admin can check personal data files of every LAN user, so it does not offer good privacy.
Unauthorized users can access critical data of an organization in case LAN admin is not able to secure centralized data repository.
Local Area Network requires a constant LAN administration as there are issues related to software setup and hardware failures

Network Device

There are various network Devices used in a LAN, The basic network devices used in a LAN are

NICs (Network Interface Cards)

Hubs
Switches
Bridges
Routers
Gateways
Firewalls
WAPs
Modems etc.

WAN (Wide Area Network):

WAN (Wide Area Network) is another important computer network that which is spread across a large geographical area.
WAN network system could be a connection of a LAN which connects with other LAN’s using telephone lines and radio waves. It is mostly limited to an enterprise or an organization.

Characteristics of WAN:

The software files will be shared among all the users; therefore, all can access to the latest files.
Any organization can form its global integrated network using WAN.

Advantages of WAN

Here are the benefits/ pros of using WAN:

WAN helps you to cover a larger geographical area. Therefore business offices situated at longer distances can easily communicate.
Contains devices like mobile phones, laptop, tablet, computers, gaming consoles, etc.
WLAN connections work using radio transmitters and receivers built into client devices.

Disadvantage of WAN

The initial setup cost of investment is very high.
It is difficult to maintain the WAN network. You need skilled technicians and network administrators.
There are more errors and issues because of the wide coverage and the use of different technologies.
It requires more time to resolve issues because of the involvement of multiple wired and wireless technologies.
Offers lower security compared to other types of networks.

Uninterruptible power supply (UPS)

An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is a device that allows a computer to keep running for at least a short time when the primary power source is lost. UPS devices also provide protection from power surges.
A UPS contains a battery that “kicks in” when the device senses a loss of power from the primary source. If an end user is working on the computer when the UPS notifies of the power loss, they have time to save any data they are working on and exit before the secondary power source (the battery) runs out. When all power runs out, any data in your computer’s random access memory (RAM) is erased. When power surges occur, a UPS intercepts the surge so that it does not damage the computer.

Core Banking Solution

What is the Core Banking System?

Core Banking solutions are vital to the day-to-day functioning of any bank. It is an integral part of the banking technology which aims to serve their clients and customer with the best services. In simple words, core banking solutions are account-management back-end and front-end processes.
Core is short for “Centralized Online Real-time Exchange.” As the name suggests, it is a centralized system or a network created by a bank and its branches. This allows the customers of the bank to access, manage and perform basic transactions from any branch of the bank they hold an account in. Thus, core banking software allows the banks to create a centralized data center.

Core banking solutions offer the following advantages to the bank:

Improved operations which address customer demands and industry consolidation
Errors due to multiple entries eradicated
Easy ability to introduce new financial products and manage changes in existing products
Seamless merging of back office data and self-service operations.

Features of Core Banking Solution:

Customer-On Boarding.
Managing deposits and withdrawals.
Transactions management
Interest. Calculation and management.
Payments processing (cash, cheques /checks, mandates, NEFT, RTGS etc.).
Customer relationship management (CRM) activities.
Designing new banking products.
Loans disbursal and management.
Accounts management
Establishing criteria for minimum balances, interest rates, number of withdrawals allowed and so on.

JAIIB PPB Module C Unit 1- Essentials of Bank Computerisation (Ambitious Baba) PDF