SBI Clerk Mains English Language Quiz – 8

SBI Clerk Mains English Language Quiz

Aspirants have a strong possibility of scoring well in the English Language section if they practice quality questions on a regular basis. This section takes the least amount of time if the practice is done every day in a dedicated manner. In this article, we have come up with the SBI Clerk Mains English Language Quiz to help you prepare better. Candidates will be provided with a detailed explanation for each question in this SBI Clerk Mains English Language Quiz. This SBI Clerk Mains English Language Quiz includes a variety of questions ranging in difficulty from easy to tough. This SBI Clerk Mains English Language Quiz is totally FREE. This SBI Clerk Mains English Language Quiz has important English Language Questions and Answers that will help you improve your exam score. Aspirants must practice this SBI Clerk Mains English Language Quiz in order to be able to answer questions quickly and efficiently in upcoming exams.

Directions (1-5): Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words are given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.

We generate electric power through hydroelectric plants, from coal and fossil fuels, or nuclear plants. Each method has its downside – be it water shortage or inter-state disputes, fouling the environment with pollution dust and greenhouse gases, or safety issues with radioactive damage. Can we at all have a pollution-free and nature-friendly power plant?

Biology appears to suggest a way. A group of researchers at the Wageningen University in the Netherlands, led by Dr. Marjolein Helder, has hit upon a method that generates electricity from living plants and the microbes that live beneath them in the soil, where the plants drop their roots. The plant of course does photosynthesis, using sunlight, water and atmospheric carbon dioxide, generating food in the form of carbohydrates and oxygen for our breathing. The microbes in the soil use some of this organic material coming out of the plants into the ground, metabolise them and, in the process, generate carbon dioxide and hydrogen ions and electrons.

While the plant above the ground does photochemistry, the bacteria beneath do electrochemistry, generating positive and negative ions. What Dr. Helder and colleagues have done is to place positive and negative electrodes in appropriate positions and obtain an electric current, just as we do with batteries. This method of producing electricity is through what is termed as plant microbial fuel cells (PMFC).

Look at the simplicity of it. The method is completely natural and environment-friendly, needs no externally added material and is part of a cyclic process in nature. But how much electricity is produced with such PMFC? It depends on the size. A small 50 cm x 50 cm plot of a garden is estimated to produce 5 volts of electricity, while a 100 square metre garden gives enough electric power to charge a cell phone or to light up several LED light bulbs. Indeed the Wageningen group has lit up their Atlas building with LED bulbs, using PMFCs, and a mobile phone charging station in a place at the nearby town Tilburg.

Theory suggests that one should be able to generate 3.2 watts of electric power per square meter (3.2W/m2), using PMFCs. The best level obtained so far in practice is but a sixteenth of it, namely, 220 mW/m2. Thus, improvement in efficiency needs to be done, both by adding such microbes in the soil which perform better, and by enhancing the area by miles and miles of grass lawns, farm lands and focus on paddy fields and similar acreages. These will also bring the cost–benefit ratio to acceptable proportions.

Another dramatic advance, this one directly from the plants themselves rather than the microbes underneath, has come from Dr. Michael Strano of MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA. This is an audacious idea, namely, “how to make plants glow with light”! We know that a plant captures light, and using this, converts water molecules and atmospheric carbon dioxide into sugar. What Strano’s group aims to do is to make plants not just absorb but also emit light and, indeed, glow such that we may use such plants as a table lamp to help read a book in a dark room! In other words, make a plant glow as a firefly does.

Taking watercress and spinach as experimental plants, his group first packaged luciferase ( an enzyme which emits light in fireflies) in nanoparticles made of silica. Then, they packed luciferin in another set of nanoparticles made of the polymer PLGA. Each of these nanoparticles carried a tag that would allow it to go to one specific part of the plant cells. Then they also devised a third nanoparticle system, packed with molecules called co-enzyme A, which was to remove a product of the luciferin reaction, which inhibits or stops the reaction from proceeding.

They now immersed the plant in water, added the three sets of nanoparticles, and applied high pressure so that these will enter and position themselves in appropriate places inside the plants. Now, the reaction proceeded and the plant emitted feeble glow, a Eureka moment, which lasted for about 3 hours!

  1. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the passage?

(a) green energy

(b) Eureka moment

(c) electricity generating microbes

(d) new dawn of power generation

(e) generating electricity from plants and microbes

Answer & Explanation
Ans. e

Exp. a title should represent the theme of essay, give the idea about the topic which it talks hence option ‘e’ is the correct answer choice.

Option (a) cannot be the answer as green energy has many branches like solar energy, wind energy, biogas etc and this article is not talking about any of them instead it is only talking about electricity generation from microbes and plants.

Option (b)Eureka moment cannot be the answer, though it means a discovery but it doesn’t tell us anything else about the theme or idea of the passage.

Option (c) cannot be the answer as it tells about the electricity generating microbes but has excluded glowing plants completely which was talked in the second part of the article.

Option (d) cannot be the answer as it doesn’t tell us anything else about the theme or idea of the passage.

  1. What are the shortcomings in traditional ways of producing electricity?

(I) Risk of nuclear radiation

(II) Global warming because of green-house gases

(III) Repetitive events of landslides

(a) only (III)

(b) only (I)

(c) both (I) and (II)

(d) all (I), (II) and (III)

(e) none of these

Answer & Explanation
Ans. c

Exp. Statements (I) and (II) are clearly mentioned in 1st paragraph while there is no mention of statement (II) anywhere in the passage.

  1. The microbes in the soil use the organic material obtained from the plants and produce the following:-

(I) oxygen

(II) electron

(III) carbohydrates

(IV) ions

(V) neutron

 

(a) only (I), (II), (III) and (IV)

(b) only (II) and (IV)

(c) only (II), (IV) and (V)

(d) all of the above

(e) none of these

Answer & Explanation
Ans. b

Exp. The microbes produce carbon dioxide, hydrogen ions and electrons while about oxygen and carbohydrates produced by the plants and neutron is not mentioned in the passage hence option (b) is the correct answer choice.

  1. What are the ways by which improvements can be brought in the efficiency of PMFC?

(I) by adding microbes in the soil with better performing capabilities.

(II) by increasing the area used for power generation through PMFC.

(III) by bringing in more government support

(a) only (I)

(b) only (I) and (II)

(c) only (II) and (III)

(d) only (I) and (III)

(e) all (I) (II) and (III)

Answer & Explanation
Ans. b

Exp. Ways to increase the efficiency of PMFCs is mentioned in para 5 but there’s no mention of ‘government funding anywhere in the passage’ hence option (b) is the correct answer choice.

  1. What was the purpose of co-enzyme A?

(a) to position themselves in appropriate places inside the plant so that the plant emitted light.

(b) allow polymer PLGA to go to one specific part of plant cells.

(c) to act as a catalyst in the luciferin reaction.

(d) to remove a product which stops the reaction from processing further.

(e) to stop the process from over-reacting.

Answer & Explanation
Ans. d

Exp. Mentioned in the 2nd last line of 2nd last paragraph.

Directions (6-10): In the following questions, there is a statement divided into five parts, when arranged properly forms a coherent sentence both grammatically and contextually. The first part of the statement is given in bold to help you rearrange the other parts accordingly. Choose the best alternative among the five options given below each statement as your answer.

  1. Forty-five years after/ the Central government has allowed (A)/the re-entry of commercial mining (B)/firms into the sector, turning the clock back (C)/ India nationalised its coal-mining industry, (D)

(a)BADC

(b)BCDA

(c)DABC

(d)CDBA

(e)No rearrangement required

Answer & Explanation
Ans. c

Exp. The correct sequence to arrange the sentence properly and meaningfully is DABC. The expression “the Central government has allowed the re-entry of commercial mining” gives a contextual meaning to the sentence. Hence option (c) is the correct choice.

“Forty-five years after India nationalised its coal-mining industry, the Central government has allowed the re-entry of commercial mining firms into the sector, turning the clock back.”

  1. What motivated/three-time chief minister Rio to quit the post (A)/ and contest the 2014 parliamentary poll was his ambition (B)/to become a Central cabinet minister (C)/ after serving for 11 years (D)

(a)ADBC

(b)BCDA

(c)CBDA

(d)DABC

(e)No rearrangement required

Answer & Explanation
Ans. a

Exp. The correct sequence to arrange the sentence properly and meaningfully is ADBC. It is to be noted that the expression “What motivated three-time chief minister Rio to quit the post” gives a meaningful sense to the sentence which when followed by the parts D, B and C subsequently make the sentence meaningful. Hence option (a) is the correct choice.

“What motivated three-time chief minister Rio to quit the post after serving for 11 years and contest the 2014 parliamentary poll was his ambition to become a Central cabinet minister.”

  1. For many years the Royal Indian Navy (RIN) Mutiny, / remained largely marginal in the narratives of modern Indian history (A)/ and lasted a mere five days before the leaders (B)/ which broke out in full swing on February 18, 1946, (C)/ who acted on behalf of the disaffected soldiers surrendered, (D)

(a)DBCA

(b)CBDA

(c)BACD

(d)DABC

(e)No rearrangement required

Answer & Explanation
Ans. b

Exp. The correct sequence to arrange the sentence properly and meaningfully is CBDA. This can be verified by the expression “which broke out in full swing on February 18, 1946, and lasted a mere five days before the leaders” which gives a coherent meaning to the sentence. Hence option (b) is the correct choice.

“For many years the Royal Indian Navy (RIN) Mutiny, which broke out in full swing on February 18, 1946, and lasted a mere five days before the leaders who acted on behalf of the disaffected soldiers surrendered, remained largely marginal in the narratives of modern Indian history.”

  1. Naga politicians claim/they are serious about early peaceful settlement of the Naga problem, (A)/but what they are exhibiting now (B)/is not so much the craving for lasting peace (C)/as leadership for supremacy (D)

(a)DBAC

(b)CBAD

(c)CDAB

(d)ABDC

(e)No rearrangement required

Answer & Explanation
Ans. e

Exp. The given statement doesn’t require any rearrangement as it already gives a contextual meaning to the sentence. The expression “is not so much the craving for lasting peace as leadership for supremacy” gives the required structure to the sentence. Hence the correct sequence is ABCD.

“Naga politicians claim they are serious about early peaceful settlement of the Naga problem, but what they are exhibiting now is not so much the craving for lasting peace as leadership for supremacy.”

  1. Arundhati Bhattacharya, /the first woman to head the country’s largest bank, (A)/ seamlessly implemented a number of (B)/ State Bank of India, (C)/path-breaking changes in the banking sector (D)

(a)BDCA

(b)CABD

(c)ACBD

(d)BACD

(e)No rearrangement required

Answer & Explanation
Ans. c

Exp. The correct sequence to arrange the sentence properly and meaningfully is ACBD. This can be verified by the expression “the first woman to head the country’s largest bank, State Bank of India,” which gives a coherent meaning to the sentence. Hence option (c) is the correct choice.

“Arundhati Bhattacharya, the first woman to head the country’s largest bank, State Bank of India, seamlessly implemented a number of path-breaking changes in the banking sector.”

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